Glossary of Medical Terms

A duct (tube) that is outside the liver and carries bile from the liver and gallbladder to the small intestine. The extrahepatic bile duct includes the perihilar bile duct and the distal extrahepatic bile duct. The extrahepatic bile duct is part of the biliary system.

A rare cancer that forms in the bile ducts outside the liver. A bile duct is a tube that carries bile (fluid made by the liver) between the liver and gallbladder and the small intestine. Cancer that forms in the area where the right and left bile ducts meet outside the liver is called Klatskin tumor. It is the most common type of bile duct cancer.

Refers to an area or organ outside of the lymph nodes.

Located outside the eye.

Located or occurring outside of the bone. Also called extraskeletal.

A rare type of Ewing sarcoma that forms in soft tissue instead of bone. It usually occurs in the chest, pelvis, thigh, foot, or spine. Extraosseous Ewing tumors usually occur in children and young adults. They belong to a group of cancers called Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. Also called extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma and extraskeletal Ewing tumor.

A rare, fast-growing type of cancer that is made up of bone and cartilage cells, and forms in soft tissue near bones. It usually occurs in the thigh, buttock, shoulder, or trunk (chest and abdomen). It often recurs (comes back) after treatment and spreads to other parts of the body, including the lungs. Extraosseous osteosarcoma usually occurs in middle-aged or older adults, and is rare in children and adolescents. It is a type of soft tissue sarcoma. Also called extraskeletal osteosarcoma.

Surgery to remove a diseased lung, part of the pericardium (membrane covering the heart), part of the diaphragm (muscle between the lungs and the abdomen), and part of the parietal pleura (membrane lining the chest). This type of surgery is used most often to treat malignant mesothelioma.

A rare, fast-growing cancer that forms in the soft tissues of the liver, heart, peritoneum, or other areas of the body outside the kidney and brain. These tumors often have an abnormality of chromosome 22. They usually occur in infants and young children, but they can also occur in older children and adults.

Located or occurring outside of the bone. Also called extraosseous.